Shenzhen, China,December 26, 2022/PRNewswire/ -- Huawei held the Top 10 Trends of Smart PV (Photovoltaic) Conference with the theme "Acceleration of Solar Power as Main Power Source". At the conference, Chen Guoguang, President of Huawei Smart PV+ESS Business, shared Huawei's insights into the 10 trends of Smart PV from the perspectives of multi-scenario collaboration, digital transformation, and enhanced security.
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With the increasing proportion of renewable energies, the photovoltaic industry has experienced rapid growth; However, the industry still faces many challenges, including further reducing the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE), improving operation and maintenance efficiencies, maintaining power grid stability as more renewable energy is added, and ensuring continuity of power supply. end system security.
"Given the rapid growth of the PV industry, these challenges also present opportunities." said Chen Guoguang. As a forward-thinking company, Huawei is willing to share our insights and thoughts with our partners, as well as organizations and individuals interested in green and sustainable development.
Trend 1: PV+ESS-Generator
As more and more renewable energy enters the power grids, several complex technical issues arise related to system stability, power balance and power quality.
Therefore, a new control mode is needed to improve active/reactive power control and response and actively mitigate frequency and voltage fluctuations. With the integration of PV and ESS and grid forming technology, we can build “PV+ESS smart generators” that use voltage source control instead of current source control, provide strong inertia support, voltage stabilization transients and error handling functions. This converts the PV power from grid tracking to grid formation, which will help increase PV power.
A milestone in the practice of these technologies was the Red Sea project insaudi arabian, for which Huawei as one of the main partners provided a complete solution package including intelligent photovoltaic controller and lithium battery energy storage system (BESS). This project uses 400MW PV and 1.3GWh ESS to support the electricity grid replacing traditional diesel generators and providing clean and stable power for 1 million people, building the world's first city powered by 100% renewable energy will.
Trend 2: High density and reliability
The high performance and reliability of the equipment of photovoltaic systems will be in trend. Let's take photovoltaic inverters as an example; Nowadays, the DC voltage of inverters increases from 1100V to 1500V. With the application of new materials such as silicon carbide (SiC) and gallium nitride (GaN) and the full integration of digital, power electronics and thermal management technologies, it is estimated that the Power density of inverters will increase by about 50% in the next five years and high reliability can be maintained.
The photovoltaic system of 2.2 GW inQinghai, Chinaes3100mabove sea level and has 9216 Huawei Smart PV Controllers (inverters) that work stably in this harsh environment. The total availability hours of Huawei inverters exceed 20 million hours, and the availability reaches 99.999%.
Trend 3: Module Level Power Electronics (MLPE)
Driven by industrial policy and technological progress, decentralized photovoltaics has experienced strong development in recent years. We face challenges such as improving resource utilization on the roof, ensuring high energy performance and ensuring the safety of the PV+ESS system. Therefore, refined management is a must.
In a PV system, module-level power electronics (MLPE) refers to power electronic devices that can perform sophisticated control of one or more PV modules, including microinverters, power optimizers, and circuit breakers. MLPE brings unique values such as module-level power generation, monitoring and safe shutdown. As PV systems become safer and smarter, the MLPE penetration rate in the decentralized PV market is expected to reach 20-30% by 2027.
Trend 4: String energy storage
Compared to traditional centralized ESS solution, Smart String ESS solution uses distributed architecture and modular design. It uses innovative technologies and intelligent digital management to optimize performance at the battery pack level and control performance at the rack level. This results in more discharge energy, optimal investment, ease of operation and maintenance, and safety and reliability throughout the life cycle of the ESS.
2022 in the ESS 200 MW/200 MWh projectSingaporefor the purpose of frequency regulation and rotating reserve, the largest BESS project inSouth East Asia, Smart String ESS implements sophisticated charge and discharge management to achieve constant output power for longer and ensure the benefits of frequency control. In addition, the auto SOC calibration function at the battery pack level reduces labor costs and greatly improves O&M efficiency.
Trend 5: Sophisticated cell-level management
Like PV systems moving towards MLPE, lithium BESSs are being developed towards a smaller scale of management. Only refined management at the battery cell level can better address efficiency and safety issues. Currently, the traditional battery management system (BMS) has limited data aggregation and analysis, and it is almost impossible to detect failures early and generate alerts. Therefore, BMS needs to be more sensitive, smarter and even more predictive. This depends on the collection, calculation and processing of large amounts of data and artificial intelligence technologies to find the optimal mode of operation and make forecasts.
Trend 6: PV+ESS+grid integration
On the power generation side, we are seeing more and more PV+ESS practices for building clean energy bases that power load centers via UHV power transmission lines. On the energy consumption side, virtual power plants (VPP) are becoming increasingly popular in many countries. VPPs combine massively distributed PV, ESS, and controllable loads, and implement flexible scheduling for power generation units and storage units to achieve peak limiting, etc.
Therefore, building a stable power system integrating PV+ESS+Grid to support PV power supply and grid feeding becomes a key measure to ensure energy security. We can integrate digital, power electronics and energy storage technologies to achieve multi-energy complementation. Virtual Power Plants (VPPs) can intelligently manage, operate and trade power from massively distributed PV+ESS systems through multiple technologies including 5G, AI and cloud technologies to be deployed in more countries.
Trend 7: Increased security
Safety is the cornerstone of the development of PV and ESS industry. This requires that we consider all scenarios and linkages systematically and fully integrate power electronics, electrochemistry, thermal management and digital technologies to increase system security. In a PV system, faults on the DC side account for more than 70% of all faults. The inverter must therefore support intelligent string separation and automatic plug detection. In the distributed PV scenario, the AFCI (Arc Fault Circuit Breaker) function becomes the default configuration, and the module-level fast shutdown function ensures the safety of maintenance personnel and firefighters. In the ESS scenario, multiple technologies such as power electronics, cloud, and artificial intelligence must be used to implement sophisticated ESS management from the battery cell to the overall system. The traditional protection mode based on passive response and physical isolation is changed to active automatic protection that implements a multi-dimensional security design from hardware to software and from structure to algorithm.
Trend 8: Security and Reliability
In addition to the benefits, PV systems also pose various risks, including device security and information security. The safety risks of the equipment mainly relate to the standstill caused by disturbances. Information security risks relate to attacks on external networks. To address these challenges and threats, businesses and organizations must establish a comprehensive set of "security and reliability" management mechanisms, including the reliability, availability, security, and resilience of systems and devices. We must also implement the protection of personal and environmental safety and data protection.
Trend 9: Digitization
Conventional PV systems have a large amount of equipment and lack information gathering and information channels. Most teams cannot "talk" to each other, which is very difficult for sophisticated management to implement.
With the advent of advanced digital technologies such as 5G, Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing, sensor technologies and big data, PV systems can send and receive information using "bits" (streams of information) to manage "watts". . (energy flows). The entire generation-transmission-storage-distribution-consumption link is visible, manageable and controllable.
Trend 10: AI application
As the energy industry enters a data age, how best to collect, utilize and maximize data has become an industry-wide concern.
AI technologies can be applied to renewable energy fields at scale and play an indispensable role in the entire PV+ESS life cycle, including manufacturing, construction, O&M, optimization and operation. The convergence of AI and technologies such as cloud computing and big data is deepening, and the tool chain focused on data processing, training, model deployment and operation, and monitoring is being enriched. In the field of renewable energies, AI as well as power electronics and digital technologies will drive a profound transformation of the industry.
In the end, Chen Guoguang commented that the convergent applications of 5G, cloud and AI are shaping a world where all things can feel, all things are connected, and all things are intelligent. It's coming faster than we think. Huawei identifies the top 10 trends in the PV industry and outlines a green and intelligent world in the near future. We hope that people from all walks of life can come together to achieve the goals of carbon neutrality and build a better, greener future.
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